Cationic compounds, their use for the oxidation dyeing of keratin fibres, dye compositions and dyeing processes

ABSTRACT

Dibenzenic ortho-phenylenediamines comprising at least one cationic group Z, Z being chosen from quaternized aliphatic chains, aliphatic chains comprising at least one quaternized saturated ring, and aliphatic chains comprising at least one quaternized unsaturated ring, to their use as oxidation base, coupler or autooxidizable dye for the oxidation dyeing of keratin fibers, to dye compositions containing them, and to oxidation dyeing processes using them.

The invention relates to dibenzenic ortho-phenylenediamines comprisingat least one cationic group Z, Z being chosen from quaternized aliphaticchains, aliphatic chains comprising at least one quaternized saturatedring, and aliphatic chains comprising at least one quaternizedunsaturated ring, to their use for the oxidation dyeing of keratinfibres, to dye compositions containing them, and to oxidation dyeingprocesses using them.

It is known practice to dye keratin fibres, and in particular humanhair, with dye compositions containing oxidation dye precursors, inparticular para-phenylenediamines, ortho-aminophenols orpara-aminophenols and heterocyclic compounds such as diaminopyrazolederivatives, which are generally referred to as oxidation bases. Theoxidation dye precursors, or oxidation bases, are colourless or weaklycoloured compounds which, when combined with oxidizing products, cangive rise to coloured compounds and dyes by a process of oxidativecondensation.

It is also known that the shades obtained with these oxidation bases canbe varied by combining them with couplers or coloration modifiers, thelatter being chosen in particular from aromatic meta-diamines,meta-aminophenols, meta-diphenols and certain heterocyclic compounds.

The variety of molecules used as oxidation bases and couplers makes itpossible to obtain a wide range of colours.

Oxidation dyes, by which so-called “permanent” coloration can beobtained, must satisfy a certain number of requirements. Oxidation dyesshould have no toxicological drawbacks, should allow shades of thedesired strength to be obtained, and should have good resistance toexternal agents (e.g., light, bad weather, washing, permanent-waving,perspiration and friction).

The dyes should also allow white hairs to be covered, and should be asunselective as possible, i.e. they should allow the smallest possibledifferences in coloration to be produced over the entire length of thesame keratin fibre, which may indeed be differently sensitized (i.e.damaged) between its tip and its root.

The inventors have discovered, surprisingly and unexpectedly, that anovel family of dibenzenic ortho-phenylenediamines of formula (I)defined below, comprising at least one cationic group Z, Z being chosenfrom quaternized aliphatic chains, aliphatic chains comprising at leastone quaternized saturated ring, and aliphatic chains comprising at leastone quaternized unsaturated ring, are suitable for use as oxidationbases or as couplers or as self-oxidizing compounds for oxidationdyeing, and can also allow dye compositions to be obtained which canlead to strong colorations, in a wide range of shades, and which canhave excellent properties of resistance to the various treatments towhich keratin fibres may be subjected. These compositions can be readilysynthesized.

These discoveries form the basis of the present invention.

A subject of the invention is thus ortho-phenylenediamines of formula(I) below, and the acid addition salts thereof:

in which:

B is a linker arm chosen from linear and branched alkyl chains, whichcan be optionally interrupted with at least one group chosen from Zgroups and hetero atoms such as oxygen, sulphur, and nitrogen, and whichcan be optionally substituted with at least one substituent chosen fromhydroxyls and (C₁-C₆) alkoxys, and which can optionally bear at leastone ketone function; in an embodiment of the invention, the alkyl chainscomprise from 1 to 14 carbon atoms;

R₁, R₂, R₃, R′₁, R′₂ and R′₃, which may be identical or different, canbe the point of attachment of a linker arm B, i.e., they represent oneof the two valencies of linker arm B; otherwise, they are chosen from ahydrogen atom; halogens; Z groups; (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls;amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls; N—Z-amino(C₁-C₆)-alkylcarbonyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls;amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N—Z-amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)-alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl-(C₁-C₆)alkyls; carboxyl;C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxyls; (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls; aminosulphonyls;N—Z-aminosulphonyls; (C₁-C₆)N-alkylaminosulphonyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyls; (C₁-C₆)aminosulphonylalkyls;(C₁-C₆)N—Z-aminosulphonylalkyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; carbamyl;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls; N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls;carbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls;(C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkoxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)trifluoroalkyls; cyano; OR₆ and SR₆ groups; amino groupsprotected with a radical chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxyls, trifluoro(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, N—Z-amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,N—(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, (C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxyls,carbamyl, N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls, N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls, aminosulphonyls, N—Z-aminosulphonyls,(C₁-C₆)N-alkylaminosulphonyl, N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyls,thiocarbamyl, formyl, and Z groups in which the linker arm B comprises aketone function directly attached to the nitrogen atom of the aminogroup;

R₆ can be the point of attachment of a linker arm B, i.e., it can be oneof the two valencies of a linker arm; otherwise R₆ is a radical chosenfrom (C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls; (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls;Z groups; (C₁-C₆)alkoxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls; aryls; benzyl;carboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls;cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls; carbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)trifluoroalkyls;(C₁-C₆)aminosulphonylalkyls; (C₁-C₆)N—Z-aminosulphonylalkyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphinyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyl-(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls;(C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls in which the amine is substituted with one or twoidentical or different radicals chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyls,(C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls, (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, formyl, trifluoro-(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxyls, carbamyl, N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls,N,N-di-(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls, thiocarbamyl, (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls, andZ groups;

R₄, R₅, R₇, R₈, R′₄, R′₅, R′₇ and R′₈, which may be identical ordifferent, can be the point of attachment of a linker arm B, i.e, theycan represent one of the two valencies of a linker arm B; otherwise theyare chosen from a hydrogen atom; Z groups;(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls; (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkoxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls; aryls; benzyl; cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls;carbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; thiocarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)trifluoroalkyls;(C₁-C₆)sulphoalkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphinyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)aminosulphonylalkyls; (C₁-C₆)N—Z-aminosulphonylalkyls; N—(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls;(C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls in which the amine is substituted with one or twoidentical or different radicals chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls, (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls, (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,carbamyl, N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls, N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls, formyls, trifluoro(C₁-C₆)-alkylcarbonyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxyls, thiocarbamyl, and Z groups;

Z is chosen from unsaturated cationic groups of formulae (II) and (III)below, and saturated cationic groups of formula (IV) below:

 in which:

D is a linker arm chosen from linear and branched alkyl chains, whichare optionally interrupted by at least one hetero atom such as oxygen,sulphur and nitrogen, and which can optionally be substituted with atleast one radical chosen from hydroxyls and (C₁-C₆)alkoxys, and whichalso can optionally bear at least one ketone function; in an embodimentof the invention, the alky chains comprise from 1 to 14 carbon atoms.

the ring members E, G, J, L and M, which may be identical or different,are

chosen from carbon, oxygen, sulphur and nitrogen atoms;

n is chosen from the integers 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4;

m is chosen from the integers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5;

the radicals R, which may be identical or different, can be the point ofattachment of a linker arm B, i.e., they can represent one of the twovalencies of a linker arm B; otherwise they are chosen from a secondgroup Z which is identical to or different from the first group Z,halogen atoms, a hydroxyl group, (C₁-C₆)alkyls,(C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls, (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls, nitro, cyano,cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)alkoxyls, tri(C₁-C₆)alkylsilane(C₁-C₆)alkyls,amido, aldehydo, carboxyl, (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, thio,(C₁-C₆)thioalkyls, (C₁-C₆)alkylthios, amino, aminos protected with aradical chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, carbamyl, and(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls; NHR″ and NR″R′″ groups in which R″ and R′″,which may be identical or different, are chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkylradicals, (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyl radicals and (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkylradicals;

R₉ can be the point of attachment of a linker arm B, i.e., it canrepresent one of the two valencies of a linker arm B; otherwise R₉ is aradical chosen from (C₁-C₆) alkyls, (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls,(C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls, cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls,tri(C₁-C₆)alkylsilane(C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)alkoxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls,carbamyl-(C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxy(C₁-C₆)-alkyls, benzyl, and asecond group Z which is identical to or different from the first groupZ;

R₁₀, R₁₁ and R₁₂, which may be identical or different, can be the pointof attachment of a linker arm B, i.e., it can represent one of the twovalencies of a linker arm B; otherwise they are radicals chosen from(C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls, (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls,(C₁-C₆)alkoxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls, cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls, aryls, benzyl,(C₁-C₆)amidoalkyls, tri(C₁-C₆)alkylsilane(C₁-C₆)alkyls, and(C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls in which the amine is protected with a radical chosenfrom (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, carbamyl, and (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls; two ofthe radicals R₁₀, R₁₁ and R₁₂ can together also form, with the nitrogenatom to which they are attached, a saturated 5- or 6-membered ring or aring containing at least one additional hetero atom such as, forexample, a pyrrolidine ring, a piperidine ring, a piperazine ring or amorpholine ring, it being possible for the ring to be unsubstituted orto be substituted with a substituent chosen from halogen atoms, ahydroxyl group, (C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆) monohydroxyalkyls, (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls, nitro, cyano, cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)alkoxys,tri(C₁-C₆)alkylsilane(C₁-C₆)alkyls, amido, aldehydo, carboxyl,keto(C₁-C₆)alkyls, thio, (C₁-C₆)thioalkyls, (C₁-C₆)alkylthios, amino,and aminos protected with a radical chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,carbamyls, and (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls;

one of the radicals R₁₀, R₁, and R₁₂ can also be chosen from a secondgroup Z which is identical to or different from the first group Z;

R₁₃ can be the point of attachment of a linker arm B, i.e., it canrepresent one of the two valencies of a linker arm B; otherwise R₁₃ is aradical chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆) monohydroxyalkyls;(C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls; aryls: benzyl; (C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls,(C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls in which the amine is protected with a radical chosenfrom (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, carbamyl, and (C₁-C₈) alkylsulphonyls;carboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls; cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls; carbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)trifluoroalkyls; tri(C₁-C₆)alkylsilane-(C₁-C₆)alkyl radical; a C₁-C₆sulphonamidoalkyl radical; a (C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphinyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylketo(C₁-C₆)alkyls; N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonamido(C₁-C₆)alkyls;

x and y are chosen from the integers 0 and 1; with the proviso that:

in the unsaturated cationic groups of formula (II):

when x=0, the linker arm D is attached to the nitrogen atom,

when x=1, the linker arm D is attached to one of the ring members E, G,J and L,

y can take the value 1 only:

1) when the ring members E, G, J and L simultaneously represent a carbonatom and when the radical R₉ is borne by the nitrogen atom of theunsaturated ring; or alternatively

2) when at least one of the ring members E, G, J and L represents anitrogen atom to which the radical R₉ is attached;

in the unsaturated cationic groups of formula (III):

when x=0, the linker arm D is attached to the nitrogen atom,

when x=1, the linker arm D is attached to one of the ring members E, G,J, L and M,

y can take the value 1 only when at least one of the ring members E, G,J, L and M is chosen from divalent atoms and when the radical R₉ isborne by the nitrogen atom of the unsaturated ring;

in the cationic groups of formula (IV):

when x=0, then the linker arm D is attached to the nitrogen atom bearingthe radicals R₁₀ to R₁₂,

when x=1, then two of the radicals R₁₀ to R₁₂ form, together with thenitrogen atom to which they are attached, a saturated 5- or 6-memberedring as defined above, and the linker arm D is borne by a carbon atom ofthe saturated ring;

X⁻ is chosen from monovalent and divalent anions; in an embodiment ofthe invention, X− is chosen from halogen atoms such as chlorine,bromine, fluorine, and iodine, a hydroxide, a hydrogenosulphate, and(C₁-C₆)alkyl sulphates such as, for example, a methyl sulphate or anethyl sulphate;

it being understood that:

the number of cationic groups Z is at least equal to 1;

when at least one of R₄, R₅, R′₄, R′₅, R₇, R₈, R′₇, and R′₈ is chosenfrom Z groups in which the linker arm D is chosen from alkyl chainscomprising a ketone function, then the ketone function is not directlyattached to the nitrogen atom of the group —NR₄R₅, —NR′₄R′₅, —NR₇R₈ or—NR′₇R′₈;

when at least one of R₄, R₅, R′₄, R′₅, R₇, R₈, R′₇, and R′₈ is the pointof a attach of a linker arm B chosen from alkyl chains comprising aketone function, then the ketone function is not directly attached tothe nitrogen atom of the group —NR₄R₅, —NR′₄R′₅, —NR₇R₈ or —NR′₇R′₈.

As mentioned above, the colorations which can be obtained with theoxidation dye composition in accordance with the invention can be strongand can produce a wide range of shades and colours. They moreover canhave excellent properties of resistance to the action of variousexternal agents (e.g., light, bad weather, washing, permanent-waving,perspiration, friction). These properties can be particularly noteworthyas regards the resistance of the colorations obtained to the action oflight, washing, permanent-waving and perspiration.

In formula (I) above, the alkyl and alkoxy radicals can be linear orbranched.

Representative rings of the unsaturated groups Z of formula (II) above,include, for example, pyrrole, imidazole, pyrazole, oxazole, thiazoleand triazole rings.

Representative rings of the unsaturated groups Z of formula (III) above,include, for example, pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, oxazine andtriazine rings.

Compounds of formula (I) above, include, for example:

1,3-bis{3-{3-[(2-aminoanilino)-N-propyl]}-3H-imidazol-1-ium}propanedibromide,

N₁,N₃-bis[3-N-(2-aminoanilino)propyl]-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldiammonium1,3-propane dibromide,

1,4-bis{3-{2-[(2-aminoanilino)-N-ethyl]}-3H-imidazol-1-ium}butanedichloride,

1-[2-(2-aminoanilino)ethyl]-3-[-(2-aminoanilino)-propyl]-3H-imidazol-1-iummonochloride, and the acid addition salts thereof.

The compounds of formula (I) in accordance with the invention can beobtained according to methods which are known in the art, for example byreduction of the corresponding cationic nitro compounds (cationic“double” ortho-nitroanilines).

This reduction step (production of a primary aromatic amine), which mayor may not be followed by a salification, is generally, for convenience,the final step of the synthesis.

This reduction can take place earlier in the sequence of reactionsleading to the preparation of the compounds of formula (I), however, theprimary amine created (for example by an acetylation,benzenesulphonation, etc. step), should be “protected,” for example byknown methods, before carrying out the desired substitution(s) ormodification(s) (including quaternization) and then the amine functionmay in the end be “deprotected” (generally in acidic medium).

When the synthesis is complete, the compounds of formula (I) inaccordance with the invention can, if necessary, be recovered by methodswhich are well known in the state of the art, such as crystallization ordistillation.

Another subject of the invention is the use of the compounds of formula(I) and acid addition salts thereof in accordance with the invention asoxidation bases, coupling bases, or even as auto-oxidizing dyes for theoxidation dyeing of keratin fibres, and in of particular human keratinfibres such as the hair.

In an embodiment of the invention, the compounds of formula (I) and acidaddition salts thereof are used as couplers for the oxidation dyeing ofkeratin fibres.

The invention also relates to a composition for the oxidation dyeing ofkeratin fibres, and in particular of human keratin fibres such as thehair, comprising, in a medium which is suitable for dyeing, at least oneingredient selected from compounds of formula (I) and acid additionsalts thereof in accordance with the invention.

In an embodiment of the invention, the at least one ingredient ispresent in the composition in an amount ranging from 0.0005 to 12% byweight relative to the total weight of the dye composition, particularlythe amount ranges from 0.005 to 6% by weight relative to this weight.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the dye composition alsoincludes at least one oxidation base which can be chosen from theoxidation bases conventionally used in oxidation dyeing, includingpara-phenylenediamines, bis(phenylo)alkylenediamines, para-aminophenols,ortho-aminophenols and heterocyclic bases.

Representative para-phenylenediamines include, for example,para-phenylenediamine, para-tolylenediamine,2-chloro-para-phenylenediamine, 2,3-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine,2,6-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2,6-diethyl-para-phenylenediamine,2,5-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, N,N-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine,N,N-diethyl-para-phenylenediamine, N,N-dipropyl-para-phenylenediamine,4-amino-N,N-diethyl-3-methylaniline,N,N-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-para-phenylenediamine,4-N,N-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)amino-2-methylaniline,4-N,N-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)amino-2-chloroaniline,2-β-hydroxyethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2-fluoro-para-phenylenediamine,2-isopropyl-para-phenylenediamine,-(β-hydroxypropyl)-para-phenylenediamine,2-hydroxymethyl-para-phenylenediamine,N,N-dimethyl-3-methyl-para-phenylenediamine,N-ethyl-N-(β-hydroxyethyl)-para-phenylenediamine,-(β,γ-dihydroxypropyl)-para-phenylenediamine,N-(4′-aminophenyl)-para-phenylenediamine,N-phenyl-para-phenylenediamine,2-β-hydroxyethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine,2-β-acetylaminoethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine andN-(β-methoxyethyl)-para-phenylenediamine, and the acid addition saltsthereof.

More particularly, the para-phenylenediamines mentioned above can bepara-phenylenediamine, para-tolylenediamine,2-isopropyl-para-phenylenediamine,2-β-hydroxyethyl-para-phenylenediamine,2β-hydroxyethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine,2,6-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2,6-diethyl-para-phenylenediamine,2,3-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine,N,N-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-para-phenylenediamine,2-chloro-para-phenylenediamine and2-β-acetylaminoethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine, and the acid additionsalts thereof.

Representative bis(phenyl)alkylenediamines include, for example,N,N′-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-N,N′-bis(4′-aminophenyl)-1,3-diaminopropanol,N,N′-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-N,N′-bis(4′-aminophenyl)ethylenediamine,N,N′-bis(4-(aminophenyl)tetramethylenediamine,N,N′-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-N,N′-bis(4-aminophenyl)tetramethylenediamine,N,N′-bis(4-methylaminophenyl)tetramethylenediamine,N,N′-bis(ethyl)-N,N′-bis(4′-amino-3-methylphenyl)ethylenediamine and1,8-bis(2,5-diaminophenoxy)-3,5-dioxaoctane, and the acid addition saltsthereof.

Representative para-aminophenols include, for example, para-aminophenol,4-amino-3-methylphenol, 4-amino-3-fluorophenol,4-amino-3-hydroxymethylphenol, 4-amino-2-methylphenol,4-amino-2-hydroxymethylphenol, 4-amino-2-methoxymethylphenol,4-amino-2-aminomethylphenol, 4-amino-2-(β-hydroxyethylaminomethyl)phenoland 4-amino-2-fluorophenol, and the acid addition salts thereof.

Representative ortho-aminophenols include, for example, 2-aminophenol,2-amino-5-methylphenol, 2-amino-6-methylphenol and5-acetamido-2-aminophenol, and the acid addition salts thereof.

Heterocyclic bases include, for example, pyridine derivatives,pyrimidine derivatives and pyrazole derivatives.

When they are used, these oxidation bases are present in the dyecomposition, in one embodiment, in an amount generally ranging from0.0005 to 12% by weight relative to the total weight of the dyecomposition, particularly in an amount ranging from 0.005 to 6% byweight relative to this weight.

In addition to the compound(s) of formula (I) and acid addition saltsthereof above, the dye composition in accordance with the invention canalso include at least one additional coupler which can be chosen fromcouplers used conventionally in oxidation dyeing, includingmeta-phenylenediamines, meta-aminophenols, meta-diphenols andheterocyclic couplers such as, for example, indole derivatives, indolenederivatives, pyridine derivatives and pyrazolones, and the acid additionsalts thereof.

Specific examples of suitable couplers include 2-methyl-5-aminophenol,5-N-(β-hydroxyethyl)amino-2-methylphenol, 3-aminophenol,1,3-dihydroxybenzene, 1,3-dihydroxy-2-methylbenzene,4-chloro-1,3-dihydroxybenzene, 2,4-diamino-1-(β-hydroxyethyloxy)benzene,2-amino-4-(β-hydroxyethylamino)-1-methoxybenzene, 1,3-diaminobenzene,1,3-bis(2,4-diaminophenoxy)propane, sesamol, α-naphthol,6-hydroxyindole, 4-hydroxyindole, 4-hydroxy-N-methylindole,6-hydroxyindoline, 2,6-dihydroxy-4-methylpyridine,1H-3-methylpyrazol-5-one and 1-phenyl-3-methylpyrazol-5-one, and theacid addition salts thereof.

When they are present, these couplers are present in the dyecomposition, in an embodiment of the invention, in an amount generallyranging from 0.0001 to 10% by weight relative to the total weight of thedye composition, and particularly the amount ranges from 0.005 to 5% byweight relative to this weight.

In general, the addition salts with an acid which can be used in thecontext of the dye compositions of the invention (compounds of formula(I), additional oxidation bases and couplers) are chosen fromhydrochlorides, hydrobromides, sulphates, citrates, succinates,tartrates, lactates and acetates.

The medium which is suitable for dyeing (or the support) generally ischosen from water and a mixture of water and at least one organicsolvent to dissolve the compounds which would not be sufficientlysoluble in water. Suitable organic solvents include, for example,(C₁-C₄) lower alkanols, such as ethanol and isopropanol; glycerol;glycols and glycol ethers such as 2-butoxyethanol, propylene glycol,propylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether andmonomethyl ether, as well as aromatic alcohols such as benzyl alcoholand phenoxyethanol, similar products and mixtures thereof.

The solvents can be present in an amount generally ranging from 1 to 40%by weight relative to the total weight of the dye composition,particularly in an amount ranging from 5 to 30% by weight.

In an embodiment of the invention, the pH of the dye compositiongenerally ranges from 3 to 12, particularly from 5 to 11. The pH can beadjusted to the desired value using acidifying or basifying agentscommonly used to dye keratin fibres.

Suitable acidifying agents include, for example, inorganic and organicacids such as hydrochloric acid, orthophosphoric acid, sulphuric acid,carboxylic acids such as acetic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid andlactic acid, and sulphonic acids.

Suitable basifying agents include, for example, aqueous ammonia,alkaline carbonates, alkanolamines such as mono-, di- andtriethanolamine and derivatives thereof, sodium hydroxide, potassiumhydroxide and the compounds of formula (V) below:

in which W is chosen from propylene residues optionally substituted witha radical chosen from hydroxyl and (C₁-C₆)alkyls; R₁₄, R₁₅, R₁₆ and R₁₇,which may be identical or different, are chosen from a hydrogen atom,(C₁-C₈)alkyl radicals and (C₁-C₆) hydroxyalkyl radicals.

The oxidation dye compositions in accordance with the invention can alsoinclude at least one direct dye, in particular to modify the shades orto enrich them with glints.

The dye composition in accordance with the invention can also containvarious adjuvants conventionally used in compositions for dyeing thehair, such as anionic, cationic, nonionic, amphoteric or zwitterionicsurfactants or mixtures thereof, anionic, cationic, nonionic, amphotericor zwitterionic polymers or mixtures thereof, inorganic or organicthickeners, antioxidants, penetration agents, sequestering agents,fragrances, buffers, dispersing agents, packaging agents such as, forexample, silicones, which may or may not be volatile or modified,film-forming agents, ceramides, preserving agents and opacifiers.

Needless to say, a person skilled in the art will take care to selectthis or these optional additional compounds such that the advantageousproperties intrinsically associated with the oxidation dye compositionin accordance with the invention are not, or are not substantially,adversely affected by the addition(s) envisaged.

The dye composition according to the invention can be in various forms,such as in the form of liquids, creams or gels or in any other formwhich is suitable for dyeing keratin fibres, and in particular humanhair.

The invention also relates to a process for dyeing keratin fibres, andin particular human keratin fibres such as the hair, using the dyecomposition as defined above.

According to this process, at least one dye composition as defined aboveis applied to the fibres for a period which is sufficient to develop thedesired coloration, either in air or using an oxidizing agent. The dyecomposition can optionally contain oxidation catalysts, in order toaccelerate the oxidation process.

According to an embodiment of the process of the invention, thecoloration of the fibres can be carried out without addition of anoxidizing agent, merely by contact with atmospheric oxygen, i.e., theair.

According to another embodiment of the process of the invention, atleast cone dye composition as defined above is applied to the fibres,the colour being developed at acidic, neutral or alkaline pH using anoxidizing agent which is added to the dye composition just at the timeof use, or which is present in an oxidizing composition which is appliedsimultaneously or sequentially in a separate manner.

According to this embodiment of the dyeing process of the invention, thedye composition described above can be mixed, at the time of use, withan oxidizing composition containing, in a medium which is suitable fordyeing, at least one oxidizing agent present in an amount which issufficient to develop a coloration. The mixture obtained is then appliedto the keratin fibres and left in place for an amount of time sufficientto develop the desired coloration, after which the fibres are rinsed,washed with shampoo, rinsed again and dried. In an embodiment of theinvention, the time period for developing the desired coloration isgenerally 3 to 50 minutes, and can be 5 to 30 minutes.

The oxidizing agent present in the oxidizing composition and as definedabove can be chosen from the oxidizing agents conventionally used forthe oxidation dyeing of keratin fibres, including hydrogen peroxide,urea peroxide, alkali metal bromates and persalts such as perborates andpersulphates, and enzymes such as peroxidases and 2-electronoxidoreductases. In an embodiment of the invention, hydrogen peroxide isthe oxidizing agent.

In one embodiment of the invention, the pH of the oxidizing compositioncontaining the oxidizing agent as defined above is such that, aftermixing with the dye composition, the pH of the resultant compositionapplied to the keratin fibres generally ranges from 3 to 12,particularly from 5 to 11. The pH is adjusted to the desired value usingacidifying or basifying agents commonly used to dye keratin fibres andas defined above.

The oxidizing composition as defined above can also contain variousadjuvants conventionally used in compositions for dyeing the hair and asdefined above.

The composition which is finally applied to the keratin fibres can be invarious forms, such as in the form of liquids, creams, gels or any otherform which is suitable for dyeing keratin fibres, and in particularhuman hair.

Another subject of the invention is a multi-compartment dyeing device orkit or any other multi-compartment packaging system, a first compartmentof which contains the dye composition as defined above and a secondcompartment of which contains the oxidizing composition as definedabove. These devices can be equipped with a means for delivering thedesired mixture onto the hair, such as the devices described in patentFR 2,586,913, the disclosure of which is herein specificallyincorporated by reference.

The examples which follow are intended to illustrate the inventionwithout, however, limiting its scope.

PREPARATION EXAMPLES Preparation Example 1

Synthesis of1,3-bis-1-{3-{3-[(2-aminoanilino)-N-propyl]}-3H-imidazol-1-ium}propaneDibromide Dihydrobromide

a) Synthesis of (3-imidazol-1-ylpropyl)(2-nitrophenyl)amine

A mixture of 187.8 g (1.5 mol) of 3-imidazol-1-ylpropylamine and 82.8 g(0.6 mol) of potassium carbonate in 280 ml of water was heated on aboiling water bath.

141.1 g (1 mol) of 1-fluoro-2-nitrobenzene was added dropwise over 50minutes and maintained at a temperature of 90-95° C. for 2 hours.

The mixture was cooled in a bath of ice and the crystallized precipitatewas filtered off, washed with water and recrystallized from refluxingisopropanol.

109.3 g of orange-yellow crystals melting at 80° C. (Kofler) wereobtained, the elemental analysis for which product, calculated forC₁₂H₁₄N₄O₂, was:

% C H N O Calculated 58.53 5.73 22.75 12.99 Found 58.40 5.78 22.54 13.07

b) Quaternization of (3-imidazol-1-ylpropyl)(2-nitrophenyl)amine

A mixture of 74.0 g (0.3 mol) of3-imidazol-1-ylpropyl)(2-nitrophenyl)amine obtained above in thepreceding step and 30.3 g (0.15 mol) of 1,3-dibromopropane in 250 ml ofisobutanol was heated for 11 hours at 120° C. A gum in suspensioncrystallized.

The mixture was cooled and the crystallized precipitate was filteredoff, re-impasted twice in the minimum amount of absolute ethanol andrecrystallized from refluxing absolute ethanol.

86.4 g of orange crystals melting at 166° C. (Kofler) were obtained, theelemental analysis for which product, calculated for C₂₇H₃₄N₈O₄Br₂, was:

% C H N O Br Calculated 46.70 4.94 16.14 9.22 23.01 Found 46.59 5.0016.15 9.41 22.97

c) Reduction

52.0 g (0.075 mol) of the compound obtained above in the preceding step,12 g of 5% palladium on charcoal (containing 50% water), 300 ml of 960ethanol and 300 ml of water were placed in a hydrogenator.

The reduction took place in half an hour at a hydrogen pressure of about8 bar and at a temperature which was gradually raised to 75° C.

After filtration of the catalyst under nitrogen, the mixture was pouredinto 50 ml of 48% hydrobromic acid and the filtrate was evaporated todryness under reduced pressure.

The crystalline compound obtained was taken up in absolute ethanol,filtered off, recrystallized from a mixture of refluxing ethanol/waterand dried at 40° C. under vacuum and over potassium hydroxide.

29.3 g of pink-white crystals of1,3-bis-1-{3-{3-[(2-aminoanilino)-N-propyl]}-3H-imidazol-1-ium}propanedibromide dihydrobromide melting at 190-192° C. (Kofler) were obtained,the elemental analysis of which product, calculated for C₂₇H₄₀N₈Br₄,was:

% C H N Br Calculated 40.73 5.06 14.07 40.14 Found 40.41 5.10 13.7740.21

Preparation Example 2

Preparation ofN₁,N₃-bis[3-N-(2-aminoanilino)propyl]-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldiammonium1,3-propane Dibromide Dihydrobromide

a) Quaternization of N,N-dimethyl-N′-(2-nitrophenyl)-ethane-1,2-diamine

The procedure described above for Example 1, step b) was used.

Starting with 62.7 g (0.3 mol) ofN,N-dimethyl-N′-(2-nitrophenyl)ethane-1,2-diamine and 30.3 g (0.15 mol)of 1,3-dibromopropane, and after recrystallization from a refluxingethanol/water mixture, 67.0 g of orange crystals melting at 220° C.(Kofler) were obtained, the elemental analysis of which product,calculated for C₂₃H₃₆N₆O₄Br₂+H₂O, was:

% C H N O Br Calculated 43.27 6.00 13.16 12.53 25.03 Found 43.44 6.1412.59 12.72 24.74

b) Reduction

The procedure described above for Example 1, step c) was used.

Starting with 46.5 g (0.728 mol) of the compound prepared above in thepreceding step, and after reduction, salification with hydrobromic acidand recrystallization from a refluxing ethanol/water mixture, 24.4 g ofpink-white crystals ofN₁,N₃-bis[3-N-(2-aminoanilino)propyl]-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldiammonium1,3-propane dihydrobromide melting at more than 260° C. (Kofler) wereobtained, the elemental analysis of which product, calculated forC₂₃H₄₂N₆Br₄, was:

% C H N Br Calculated 38.25 5.86 11.64 44.25 Found 38.25 5.91 11.4443.86

APPLICATION EXAMPLES Examples 1 to 8 of Dyeing in Alkaline Medium

The dye compositions below in accordance with the invention wereprepared (contents in grams):

EXAMPLE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 81,3-bis-1-{3-{3-[(2-Aminoanilino)-N-propyl]}-3H-imidazol-1- 2.388 — —2.388 2.388 2.388 — — ium}propane dibromide dihydrobromide (compound offormula (I)) N₁,N₃-bis[3-N-(2-Aminoanilino)propyl]-1,1,3,3- — 2.1662.166 — — — 2.166 2.166 tetramethyldiammonium 1,3-propane dibromidedihydrobromide (compound of formula (I)) 3,7-Diaminopyrazolopyrimidinedihydrochloride (oxidation 0.666 — — — — — — — base) 4-Hydroxyindole(coupler) — 0.399 — — — — — — 1,3-Dihydroxybenzene (coupler) — — 0.33  —0.33  — — — 2,4-Diaminophenoxyethanol dihydrochloride (coupler) — — —0.723 — — — — 4,5-Diamino-1-ethyl-3-methylpyrazole dihydrochloride(oxidation base) — — — — — 0.639 — — meta-Aminophenol (coupler) — — — —— — 0.327 — para-Tolylenediamine dihydrochloride (oxidation base) — — —— — — — 0.585 Common dye support No. 1 (*) (*) (*) (*) (*) (*) (*) (*)Demineralized water q.s.p. 100 g 100 g 100 g 100 g 100 g 100 g 100 g 100g

At the time of use, each of the above dye compositions was mixed, weightfor weight, with a 20-volumes hydrogen peroxide solution (6% by weight)of pH 3.

The mixture obtained was applied to locks of permanent-waved grey haircontaining 90% white hairs, for 30 minutes. The locks were then rinsed,washed with a standard shampoo, rinsed again and then dried.

The shades obtained are given in the table below:

EXAMPLE dyeing pH shade obtained 1 10 ± 0.2 natural light chestnut 2 10± 0.2 matt warm golden blonde 3 10 ± 0.2 iridescent coppery golden lightblonde 4 10 ± 0.2 dull green dark blonde 5 10 ± 0.2 dull golden copperyblonde 6 10 ± 0.2 matt coppery golden blonde 7 10 ± 0.2 golden verylight blonde 8 10 ± 0.2 ash natural blonde

Examples 9 to 16 of Dyeing in Neutral Medium

The dye compositions below in accordance with the invention wereprepared (contents in grams):

EXAMPLE 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 161,3-bis-1-{3-{3-[(2-Aminoanilino)-N-propyl]}-3H-imidazol-1- — 2.3882.388 — — 2.388 2.388 — ium}propane dibromide dihydrobromide (compoundof formula (I)) N₁,N₃-bis[3-N-(2-Aminoanilino)propyl]-1,1,3,3- 2.166 — —2.166 2.166 — — 2.166 tetramethyldiammonium 1,3-propane dibromidedihydrobromide (compound of formula (I)) 2,4-Diaminophenoxyethanoldihydrochloride (coupler) 0.723 — — — — — — — 4-Hydroxyindole (coupler)— 0.399 — — — — — — meta-Aminophenol (coupler) — — 0.327 — — — — —4,5-Diamino-1-ethyl-3-methylpyrazole dihydrochloride (oxidation base) —— — — 0.639 — — — para-Tolylenediamine dihydrochloride (oxidation base)— — — — — 0.585 — — 3,7-Diaminopyrazolopyrimidine dihydrochloride(oxidation base) — — — — — — — 0.666 Common dye support No. 2 (**) (**)(**) (**) (**) (**) (**) (**) Demineralized water q.s.p. 100 g 100 g 100g 100 g 100 g 100 g 100 g 100 g

At the time of use, each of the above dye compositions was mixed, weightfor weight, with a 20-volumes hydrogen peroxide solution (6% by weight)of pH 3.

The mixture obtained was applied to locks of permanent-waved grey haircontaining 90% white hairs, for 30 minutes. The locks were then rinsed,washed with a standard shampoo, rinsed again and then dried.

the shades obtained are given in the table below:

EXAMPLE dyeing pH shade obtained 9 5.7 ± 0.2 matt golden ash lightblonde 10 5.7 ± 0.2 golden natural blonde 11 5.7 ± 0.2 coppery goldenblonde 12 5.7 ± 0.2 coppery golden light blonde 13 5.7 ± 0.2 matt ashgolden light blonde 14 5.7 ± 0.2 ash chestnut 15 5.7 ± 0.2 copperygolden blonde 16 5.7 ± 0.2 natural light chestnut

Examples 17 to 24 of Dyeing in Alkaline Medium

The dye compositions below in accordance with the invention wereprepared (contents in grams):

EXAMPLE 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 241,3-bis-1-{3-{3-[(2-Aminoanilino)-N-propyl]}-3H-imidazol-1- — 2.3882.388 — — 2.388 2.388 ium}propane dibromide dihydrobromide (compound offormula (I)) N₁,N₃-bis[3-N-(2-Aminoanilino)propyl]-1,1,3,3- 2.166 — —2.166 2.166 — 2.166 — tetramethyldiammonium 1,3-propane dibromidedihydrobromide (compound of formula (I))4,5-Diamino-1-ethyl-3-methylpyrazole dihydrochloride 0.639 — — — — — — —(oxidation base) meta-Aminophenol (coupler) — 0.327 — — — — — —4-Hydroxyindole (coupler) — — 0.399 — — — — — 2,4-Diaminophenoxyethanoldihydrochloride (coupler) — — — 0.723 — — — — para-Tolylenediaminedihydrochloride (oxidation base) — — — — 0.585 — —3,7-Diaminopyrazolopyrimidine dihydrochloride (oxidation — — — — — —0.666 — base) Common dye support No. 1 (*) (*) (*) (*) (*) (*) (*) (*)Demineralized water q.s.p. 100 g 100 g 100 g 100 g 100 g 100 g 100 g 100g

At the time of use, each of the above dye compositions was mixed, weightfor weight, with an aqueous solution containing 6×10⁻³ mol % of ammoniumpersulphate.

The mixture obtained was applied to locks of permanent-wave grey haircontaining 90% white hairs, for 30 minutes. The locks were then rinsed,washed with a standard shampoo, rinsed again and then dried.

The shades obtained are given in the table below:

EXAMPLE dyeing pH shade obtained 17 10 ± 0.2 matt golden blonde 18 10 ±0.2 matt ash blonde 19 10 ± 0.2 matt golden ash light blonde 20 10 ± 0.2matt ash blonde 21 10 ± 0.2 matt ash golden light blonde 22 10 ± 0.2matt ash dark blond 23 10 ± 0.2 ash natural blonde 24 10 ± 0.2iridescent golden natural blonde

Examples 25 to 32 of Dyeing in Neutral Medium

The dye compositions below in accordance with the invention wereprepared (contents in grams):

EXAMPLE 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 321,3-bis-1-{3-{3-[(2-Aminoanilino)-N-propyl]}-3H-imidazol-1- — 2.3882.388 2.388 — — — 2.388 ium}propane dibromide dihydrobromide (compoundof formula (I)) N₁,N₃-bis[3-N-(2-Aminoanilino)propyl]-1,1,3,3- 2.166 — —— 2.166 2.166 2.166 — tetramethyldiammonium 1,3-propane dibromidedihydrobromide (compound of formula (I)) 1,3-Dihydroxybenzene (coupler)0.33 — 0.33 — — — — — 4,5-Diamino-1-ethyl-3-methylpyrazoledihydrochloride — 0.639 — — — — — — (oxidation base)2,4-Diaminophenoxyethanol dihydrochloride (coupler) — — — 0.723 — — — —para-Tolylenediamine dihydrochloride (oxidation base) — — — — 0.585 — —— meta-Aminophenol (coupler) — — — — 0.327 — — 4-Hydroxyindole (coupler)0.399 3,7-Diaminopyrazolopyrimidine dihydrochloride (oxidation — — — — —— — 0.666 base) Common dye support No. 2 (**) (**) (**) (**) (**) (**)(**) (**) Demineralized water q.s.p. 100 g 100 g 100 g 100 g 100 g 100 g100 g 100 g

This identical to the one used for Examples 9 to 16 above.

At the time of use, each of the above dye compositions was mixed, weightfor weight, with an aqueous solution containing 6×10⁻³ mol % of ammoniumpersulphate.

mixture obtained was applied to locks of permanent-wave grey haircontaining 90% white hairs, for 30 minutes. The locks were then rinsed,washed with a standard shampoo, rinsed again and then dried.

The shades obtained are given in the table below:

EXAMPLE dyeing pH shade obtained 25 5.7 ± 0.2 iridescent golden verylight blonde 26 5.7 ± 0.2 matt golden natural light blonde 27 5.7 ± 0.2coppery golden light blonde 28 5.7 ± 0.2 golden ash natural blonde 295.7 ± 0.2 golden ash light blonde 30 5.7 ± 0.2 matt golden ash lightblonde 31 5.7 ± 0.2 ash light blonde 32 5.7 ± 0.2 matt ash golden blonde

Examples 33 and 34 of Dyeing in Air

At the time of use, the dye compositions below in accordance with theinvention were prepared (contents in grams):

EXAMPLE 33 34 1,3-bis-1-{3-{3-[(2-Aminoanilino)-N- 4.776 —propyl]}-3H-imidazol-1-ium}propane dibromide dihydrobromide (compound offormula (I)) N₁,N₃-bis[3-N-(2-Aminoanilino)propyl]- — 4.3321,1,3,3-tetramethyldiammonium 1,3- propane dibromide dihydrobromide(compound of formula (I)) 96° Ethanol 20 20 pH 9.5 NH₄OH/NH₄Cl (1M/1M)buffer 10 10 Demineralized water qs 100 g 100 g

These compositions were applied to locks of permanent-waved grey haircontaining 90% white hair, and the coloration was allowed to develop for30 minutes, without addition of any oxidizing agent other thanatmospheric oxygen.

The hair was then rinsed, washed with a standard shampoo, rinsed againand then dried.

The hair was dyed in the shade given in the table below:

EXAMPLE SHADE OBTAINED 33 Strong golden copper 34 Golden copper

What is claimed is:
 1. A compound of formula (I) below, or an acidaddition salt thereof:

in which: B is a linker arm chosen from linear and branched alkylchains, which can be optionally interrupted with at least one groupchosen from Z groups and hetero atoms, and which can be optionallysubstituted with at least one substituent chosen from hydroxyls and(C₁-C₆)alkoxys, and which can optionally bear at least one ketonefunction; R₁, R₂, R₃, R′₁, R′₂ and R′₃, which may be identical ordifferent, can be the point of attachment of a linker arm B, otherwise,they are chosen from a hydrogen atom; halogens; Z groups;(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls; amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls;N—Z-amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls;amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N—Z-amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;carboxyl;(C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxyls; (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls; aminosulphonyls;N—Z-aminosulphonyls; (C₁-C₆)N-alkylaminosulphonyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyls; (C₁-C₆)aminosulphonylalkyls;(C₁-C₆)N—Z-aminosulphonylalkyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; carbamyl;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls; N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls;carbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls;(C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkoxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)trifluoroalkyls; cyano; OR₆ and SR₆ groups; amino groupsprotected with a radical chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxyls, trifluoro(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, N—Z-amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,N—(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, (C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxyls,carbamyl, N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls, N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls, aminosulphonyls, N—Z-aminosulphonyls,(C₁-C₆)N-alkylaminosulphonyl, N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyls,thiocarbamyl, formyl, and Z groups in which the linker arm B comprises aketone function directly attached to the nitrogen atom of the aminogroup; R₆ can be the point of attachment of a linker arm B, otherwise R₆is a radical chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls;(C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls; Z groups; (C₁-C₆)alkoxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls; aryls;benzyl; carboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls;cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls; carbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)trifluoroalkyls;(C₁-C₆)aminosulphonylalkyls; (C₁-C₆)N—Z-aminosulphonylalkyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphinyl-(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyl-(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls; (C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls in which the amine is substitutedwith one or two identical or different radicals chosen from(C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls, (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, formyl, trifluoro-(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxyls, carbamyl, N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls,N,N-di-(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls, thiocarbamyl, (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls, andZ groups; R₄, R₅, R₇, R₈, R′₄, R′₅, R′₇ and R′₈, which may be identicalor different, can be the point of attachment of a linker arm B,otherwise they are chosen from a hydrogen atom; Z groups;(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls; (C₂-C₆) polyhydroxyalkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkoxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls; aryls; benzyl; cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls;carbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; thiocarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)trifluoroalkyls;(C₁-C₆)sulphoalkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphinyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)aminosulphonylalkyls; (C₁-C₆)N—Z-aminosulphonylalkyls; N—(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls;(C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls in which the amine is substituted with one or twoidentical or different radicals chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls, (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls, (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,carbamyl, N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls, N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls, formyls, trifluoro(C₁-C₆)-alkylcarbonyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxyls, thiocarbamyl, and Z groups; Z is chosen fromunsaturated cationic groups of formulae (II) and (III) below, andsaturated cationic groups of formula (IV) below:

 in which: D is a linker arm chosen from linear and branched alkylchains, which are optionally interrupted by at least one hetero atom,and which can optionally be substituted with at least one radical chosenfrom hydroxyls and (C₁-C₆)alkoxys, and which also can optionally bear atleast one ketone function; the ring members E, G, J, L and M, which maybe identical or different, are chosen from carbon, oxygen, sulphur andnitrogen atoms; n is chosen from the integers 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4; m ischosen from the integers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5; the radicals R, which maybe identical or different, can be the point of attachment of a linkerarm B, otherwise they are chosen from a second group Z which isidentical to or different from the first group Z, halogen atoms, ahydroxyl group, (C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls,(C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls, nitro, cyano, cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls,(C₁-C₆)alkoxyls, tri(C₁-C₆)alkylsilane(C₁-C₆)alkyls, amidos, aldehydo,carboxyl, (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, thio, (C₁-C₆)thioalkyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylthios, amino, aminos protected with a radical chosen from(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, carbamyl, and (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls; and NHR″and NR″R′″ groups in which R″ and R′″, which may be identical ordifferent, are chosen from (C₁-C₆) alkyl radicals,(C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyl radicals and (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyl radicals;R₉ can be the point of attachment of a linker arm B, otherwise R₉ is aradical chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls, (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls, cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls,tri(C₁-C₆)alkylsilane(C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)alkoxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls,carbamyl-(C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls, benzyl, and asecond group Z which is identical to or different from the first groupZ; R₁₀, R₁₁ and R₁₂, which may be identical or different, can be thepoint of attachment of a linker arm B, otherwise they are radicalschosen from (C₁-C₆) alkyls, (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls,(C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls, (C₁-C₆)alkoxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls,cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls, aryls, benzyl, (C₁-C₆)amidoalkyls,tri(C₁-C₆)alkylsilane(C₁-C₆)alkyls, and (C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls in which theamine is protected with a radical chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,carbamyl, and (C₁-C₆) alkylsulphonyls; two of the radicals R₁₀, R₁₁, andR₁₂ can together also form, with the nitrogen atom to which they areattached, a saturated 5- or 6-membered ring or a ring containing atleast one additional hetero atom, it being possible for the ring to beunsubstituted or to be substituted with a substituent chosen fromhalogen atoms, a hydroxyl group, (C₁-C₆)alkyls,(C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls, (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls, nitro, cyano,cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)alkoxys, tri(C₁-C₆)alkylsilane(C₁-C₆)alkyls,amido, aldehydo, carboxyl, keto(C₁-C₆)alkyls, thio, (C₁-C₆)thioalkyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylthios, amino, and aminos protected with a radical chosenfrom (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, carbamyl, and (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls; one ofthe radicals R₁₀, R₁₁ and R₁₂ can also be chosen from a second group Zwhich is identical to or different from the first group Z; R₁₃ can bethe point of attachment of a linker arm B, otherwise R₁₃ is a radicalchosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)monohydroxy-alkyls; (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls; aryls; benzyl; (C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls, (C₁-C₆)aminoalkylsin which the amine is protected with a radical chosen from(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, carbamyl, and (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls;carboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls; cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls; carbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)trifluoroalkyls; tri(C₁-C₆)alkylsilane-(C₁-C₆)alkyl radical; aC₁-C₆ sulphonamidoalkyl radical; a (C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphinyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylketo(C₁-C₆)alkyls; N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonamido(C₁-C₆)alkyls; x and y are chosen from theintegers 0 and 1; with the proviso that: in the unsaturated cationicgroups of formula (II): when x=0, the linker arm D is attached to thenitrogen atom, when x=1, the linker arm D is attached to one of the ringmembers E, G, J or L, y can take the value 1 only: 1) when the ringmembers E, G, J and L simultaneously represent a carbon atom and whenthe radical R₉ is borne by the nitrogen atom of the unsaturated ring; oralternatively 2) when at least one of the ring members E, G, J and Lrepresents a nitrogen atom to which the radical R₉ is attached; in theunsaturated cationic groups of formula (III): when x=0, the linker arm Dis attached to the nitrogen atom, when x=1, the linker arm D is attachedto one of the ring members E, G, J, L or M, y can take the value 1 onlywhen at least one of the ring members E, G, J, L and M is chosen fromdivalent atoms and when the radical R₉ is borne by the nitrogen atom ofthe unsaturated ring; in the cationic groups of formula (IV): when x=0,then the linker arm D is attached to the nitrogen atom bearing theradicals R₁₀ to R₁₂, when x=1, then two of the radicals R₁₀ to R₁₂ form,together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, a saturated5- or 6-membered ring as defined above, and the linker arm D is borne bya carbon atom of the saturated ring; X⁻ is chosen from monovalent anddivalent anions; it being understood that: the number of cationic groupsZ is at least equal to 1; when at least one of R₄, R₅, R′₄, R′₅, R₇, R₈,R′₇, and R′₈ is chosen from Z groups in which the linker arm D is chosenfrom alkyl chains comprising a ketone function, then the ketone functionis not directly attached to the nitrogen atom of the group —NR₄R₅,—NR′₄R′₅, —NR₇R₈ or —NR′₇R′₈; when at least one of R₄, R₅, R′₄, R′₅, R₇,R₈, R′₇, and R′₈ is the point of a attachment of linker arm B chosenfrom alkyl chains comprising a ketone function, then the ketone functionis not directly attached to the nitrogen atom of the group —NR₄R₅,—NR′₄R′₅, —NR₇R₈ or —NR′₇R′₈.
 2. The compound or acid addition salt ofclaim 1, wherein the alkyl chains of said B linker arm and of said Dlinker arm comprise from 1 to 14 carbon atoms; the heteroatomsoptionally interrupting the alkyl chains of said B linker arm and said Dlinker arm are chosen from oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen; and wherein thering containing at least one additional heteroatom and which is formedfrom two of R₁₀, R₁₁, and R₁₂ is chosen from pyrrolidine, piperidine,piperazine, and morpholine.
 3. The compound or acid addition salt ofclaim 1, wherein the rings in the unsaturated groups Z of formula (II)are chosen from pyrrole, imidazole, pyrazole, oxazole, thiazole andtriazole rings.
 4. The compound or acid addition salt of claim 1,wherein the rings in the unsaturated groups Z of formula (III) arechosen from pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, oxazine, and triazine rings.5. The compound or acid addition salt of claim 1, wherein two of theradicals R₁₀, R₁₁ and R₁₂ form a ring chosen from pyrrolidine,piperidine, piperazine and morpholine, said ring can be unsubstituted orsubstituted with a radical chosen from halogens, hydroxyl,(C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls, (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls,nitro, cyano, cyano (C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)alkoxys, tri(C₁-C₆)alkylsilane(C₁-C₆)alkyls, amido, aldehydo, carboxyl, (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, thio,(C₁-C₆)thioalkyls, (C₁-C₆)alkylthios, amino, and aminos protected with aradical chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, carbamyl, and(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls.
 6. The compound or acid addition salt of claim1, where X is chosen from halogens, hydroxide, hydrogenosulphates, and(C₁-C₆)alkyl sulphates.
 7. The compound or acid addition salt of claim 1chosen from:1,3-bis{3-{3-[(2-aminoanilino)-N-propyl]}-3-H-imidazol-1-ium}propanedibromide,N₁,N₃-bis[3-N-(2-aminoanilino)propyl]-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldiammonium1,3-propane dibromide,1,4-bis{3-{2-[(2-aminoanilino)-N-ethyl]}-3-H-imidazol-1-ium}butanedichloride,1-[2-(2-aminoanilino)ethyl]-3-[3-(2-aminoanilino)propyl]-3H-imidazol-1-iummonochloride, and the acid addition salts thereof.
 8. The acid additionsalt of claim 1 chosen from the hydrochlorides, hydrobromides,sulphates, citrates, succinates, tartrates, lactates, and acetates. 9.An oxidation base, coupler, or self-oxidizing dye for the oxidationdyeing of keratin fibres comprising a compound of formula (I) below oran acid addition salt thereof:

in which: B is a linker arm chosen from linear and branched alkylchains, which can be optionally interrupted with at least one groupchosen from Z groups and hetero atoms, and which can be optionallysubstituted with at least one substituent chosen from hydroxyls and(C₁-C₆)alkoxys, and which can optionally bear at least one ketonefunction; R₁, R₂, R₃, R′₁, R′₂ and R′₃, which may be identical ordifferent, can be the point of attachment of a linker arm B, otherwise,they are chosen from a hydrogen atom; halogens; Z groups;(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls; amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls;N—Z-amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls;amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N—Z-amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; carboxyl;C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxyls; (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls; aminosulphonyls;N—Z-aminosulphonyls; (C₁-C₆)N-alkylaminosulphonyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyls; (C₁-C₆)aminosulphonylalkyls;(C₁-C₆)N—Z-aminosulphonylalkyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; carbamyl;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls; N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls;carbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls; (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkoxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)trifluoroalkyls; cyano; OR₆ and SR₆groups; amino groups protected with a radical chosen from(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, (C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxyls,trifluoro(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,N—Z-amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,N—(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, (C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxyls,carbamyl, N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls, N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls, aminosulphonyls, N—Z-aminosulphonyls,(C₁-C₆)N-alkylaminosulphonyl, N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyls,thiocarbamyl, formyl, and Z groups in which the linker arm B comprises aketone function directly attached to the nitrogen atom of the aminogroup; R₆ can be the point of attachment of a linker arm B, otherwise R₆is a radical chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls;(C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls; Z groups; (C₁-C₆)alkoxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls; aryls;benzyl; carboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls;cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls; carbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)trifluoroalkyls;(C₁-C₆)aminosulphonylalkyls; (C₁-C₆)N—Z-aminosulphonyl-alkyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphinyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyl-(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl-(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls;(C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls in which the amine is substituted with one or twoidentical or different radicals chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyls,(C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls, (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, formyl, trifluoro-(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxyls, carbamyl, N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls,N,N-di-(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls, thiocarbamyl, (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls, andZ groups; R₄, R₅, R₇, R₈, R′₄, R′₅, R′₇ and R′₈, which may be identicalor different, can be the point of attachment of a linker arm B,otherwise they are chosen from a hydrogen atom; Z groups;(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls; (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkoxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls; aryls; benzyl; cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls;carbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; thiocarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)trifluoroalkyls;(C₁-C₆)sulphoalkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphinyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)aminosulphonylalkyls; (C₁-C₆)N—Z-aminosulphonylalkyls; N—(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls;(C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls in which the amine is substituted with one or twoidentical or different radicals chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyls,(C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls, (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, carbamyl, N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls,N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls, (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls, formyls,trifluoro(C₁-C₆)-alkylcarbonyls, (C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxyls, thiocarbamyl,and Z groups; Z is chosen from unsaturated cationic groups of formulae(II) and (III) below, and saturated cationic groups of formula (IV)below:

 in which: D is a linker arm chosen from linear and branched alkylchains, which are optionally interrupted by at least one hetero atom,and which can optionally be substituted with at least one radical chosenfrom hydroxyls and (C₁-C₆)alkoxys, and which also can optionally bear atleast one ketone function; the ring members E, G, J, L and M, which maybe identical or different, are chosen from carbon, oxygen, sulphur andnitrogen atoms; n is chosen from the integers 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4; m ischosen from the integers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5; the radicals R, which maybe identical or different, can be the point of attachment of a linkerarm B, otherwise they are chosen from a second group Z which isidentical to or different from the first group Z, halogen atoms, ahydroxyl group, (C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls,(C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls, nitro, cyano, cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls,(C₁-C₆)alkoxyls, tri(C₁-C₆)alkylsilane(C₁-C₆)alkyls, amido, aldehydo,carboxyl, (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, thio, (C₁-C₆)thioalkyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylthios, amino, aminos protected with a radical chosen from(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, carbamyl, and (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls; and NHR″and NR″R′″ groups in which R″ and R′″, which may be identical ordifferent, are chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyl radicals,(C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyl radicals and (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyl radicals;R₉ can be the point of attachment of a linker arm B, otherwise R₉ is aradical chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls, (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls, cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls,tri(C₁-C₆)alkylsilane(C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)alkoxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls,carbamyl-(C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls, benzyl, and asecond group Z which is identical to or different from the first groupZ; R₁₀, R₁₁ and R₁₂, which may be identical or different, can be thepoint of attachment of a linker arm B, otherwise they are radicalschosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆) monohydroxyalkyls,(C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls, (C₁-C₆)alkoxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls,cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls, aryls, benzyl, (C₁-C₆)amidoalkyls,tri(C₁-C₆)alkylsilane(C₁-C₆)alkyls, and (C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls in which theamine is protected with a radical chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,carbamyl, and (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls; two of the radicals R₁₀, R₁₁ andR₁₂ can together also form, with the nitrogen atom to which they areattached, a saturated 5- or 6-membered ring or a ring containing atleast one additional hetero atom, it being possible for the ring to beunsubstituted or to be substituted with a substituent chosen fromhalogen atoms, a hydroxyl group, (C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls, (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls, nitro, cyano,cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆) alkoxys, tri(C₁-C₆)alkylsilane(C₁-C₆)alkyls,amido, aldehydo, carboxyl, keto(C₁-C₆)alkyls, thio, (C₁-C₆)thioalkyls,(C₁-C₆) alkylthios, amino, and aminos protected with a radical chosenfrom (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, carbamyl, and (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls; one ofthe radicals R₁₀, R₁₁ and R₁₂ can also be chosen from a second group Zwhich is identical to or different from the first group Z; R₁₃ can bethe point of attachment of a linker arm B, otherwise R₁₃ is a radicalchosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls;(C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls; aryls; benzyl; (C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls,(C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls in which the amine is protected with a radical chosenfrom (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, carbamyl, and (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls;carboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls; cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls; carbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)trifluoroalkyls; tri(C₁-C₆)alkylsilane-(C₁-C₆)alkyl radical; aC₁-C₆ sulphonamidoalkyl radical; (C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphinyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylketo(C₁-C₆)alkyls; N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; andN—(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonamido(C₁-C₆)alkyls; x and y are chosen from theintegers 0 and 1; with the proviso that: in the unsaturated cationicgroups of formula (II): when x=0, the linker arm D is attached to thenitrogen atom, when x=1, the linker arm D is attached to one of the ringmembers E, G, J and L, y can take the value 1 only: 1) when the ringmembers E, G, J and L simultaneously represent a carbon atom and whenthe radical R₉ is borne by the nitrogen atom of the unsaturated ring; oralternatively 2) when at least one of the ring members E, G, J and Lrepresents a nitrogen atom to which the radical R₉ is attached; in theunsaturated cationic groups of formula (III): when x=0, the linker arm Dis attached to the nitrogen atom, when x=1, the linker arm D is attachedto one of the ring members E, G, J, L and M, y can take the value 1 onlywhen at least one of the ring members E, G, J, L and M is chosen fromdivalent atoms and when the radical R₉ is borne by the nitrogen atom ofthe unsaturated ring; in the cationic groups of formula (IV): when x=0,then the linker arm D is attached to the nitrogen atom bearing theradicals R₁₀ to R₁₂, when x=1, then two of the radicals R₁₀ to R₁₂ form,together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, a saturated5- or 6-membered ring as defined above, and the linker arm D is borne bya carbon atom of the saturated ring; X⁻ is chosen from monovalent anddivalent anions; it being understood that: the number of cationic groupsZ is at least equal to 1; when at least one of R₄, R₅, R′₄, R′₅, R₇, R₈,R′₇, and R′₈ is chosen from Z groups in which the linker arm D is chosenfrom alkyl chains comprising a ketone function, then the ketone functionis not directly attached to the nitrogen atom of the group —NR₄R₅,—NR′₄R′₅, —NR₇R₈ or —NR′₇R′₈; when at least one of R₄, R₅, R′₄, R′₅, R₇,R₈, R′₇, and R′₈ is the point of a attachment of a linker arm B chosenfrom alkyl chains comprising a ketone function, then the ketone functionis not directly attached to the nitrogen atom of the group —NR₄R₅,—NR′₄R′₅, —NR₇R₈ or —NR′₇R′₈.
 10. A composition for the oxidation dyeingof keratin fibres, comprising a medium suitable for dyeing and at leastone ingredient chosen from compounds of formula (I) below, and theaddition salts thereof:

in which: B is a linker arm chosen from linear and branched alkylchains, which can be optionally interrupted with at least one groupchosen from Z groups and hetero atoms, and which can be optionallysubstituted with at least one substituent chosen from hydroxyls and(C₁-C₆)alkoxys, and which can optionally bear at least one ketonefunction; R₁, R₂, R₃, R′₁, R′₂ and R′₃, which may be identical ordifferent, can be the point of attachment of a linker arm B, otherwise,they are chosen from a hydrogen atom; halogens; Z groups;(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls; amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls;N—Z-amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls;amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)-alkyls;N—Z-amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)-alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; carboxyl;C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxyls; (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls; aminosulphonyls;N—Z-aminosulphonyls; (C₁-C₆)N-alkylaminosulphonyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyls; (C₁-C₆)aminosulphonylalkyls;(C₁-C₆)N—Z-aminosulphonylalkyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; carbamyl;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls; N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls;carbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls; (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls;(C₁-C₈)alkoxy(C₁-C₈)alkyls; (C₁-C₅)trifluoroalkyls; cyano; OR₆ and SR₆groups; amino groups protected with a radical chosen from(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, (C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxyls,trifluoro(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,N—Z-amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,N—(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, (C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxyls,carbamyl, N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls, N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls, aminosulphonyls, N—Z-aminosulphonyls,(C₁-C₆)N-alkylaminosulphonyl, N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyls,thiocarbamyl, formyl, and Z groups in which the linker arm B comprises aketone function directly attached to the nitrogen atom of the aminogroup; R₆ can be the point of attachment of a linker arm B, otherwise R₆is a radical chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls;(C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls; Z groups; (C₁-C₆)alkoxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls; aryls;benzyl; carboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls;cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls; carbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)trifluoroalkyls;(C₁-C₆)aminosulphonylalkyls; (C₁-C₆)N—Z-aminosulphonyl-alkyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphinyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyl-(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls;(C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls in which the amine is substituted with one or twoidentical or different radicals chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyls,(C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls, (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, formyl, trifluoro-(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxyls, carbamyl, N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls,N,N-di-(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls, thiocarbamyl, (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls, andZ groups; R₄, R₅, R₇, R₈, R′₄, R′₅, R′₇ and R′₈, which may be identicalor different, can be the point of attachment of a linker arm B,otherwise they are chosen from a hydrogen atom; Z groups;(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls; (C₂-C₆) polyhydroxyalkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkoxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls; aryls; benzyl; cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls;carbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; thiocarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)trifluoroalkyls;(C₁-C₆)sulphoalkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphinyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)aminosulphonylalkyls; (C₁-C₆)N—Z-aminosulphonylalkyls; N—(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls;(C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls in which the amine is substituted with one or twoidentical or different radicals chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls, (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls, (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,carbamyl, N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls, N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls, formyls, trifluoro(C₁-C₆)-alkylcarbonyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxyls, thiocarbamyl, and Z groups; Z is chosen fromunsaturated cationic groups of formulae (II) and (III) below, andsaturated cationic groups of formula (IV) below:

in which: D is a linker arm chosen from linear and branched alkylchains, which are optionally interrupted by at least one hetero atom,and which can optionally be substituted with at least one radical chosenfrom hydroxyls and (C₁-C₆)alkoxys, and which also can optionally bear atleast one ketone function; the ring members E, G, J, L and M, which maybe identical or different, are chosen from carbon, oxygen, sulphur andnitrogen atoms; n is chosen from the integers 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4; m ischosen from the integers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5; the radicals R, which maybe identical or different, can be the point of attachment of a linkerarm B, otherwise they are chosen from a second group Z which isidentical to or different from the first group Z, halogen atoms, ahydroxyl group, (C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls,(C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls, nitro, cyano, cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls,(C₁-C₆)alkoxyls, tri(C₁-C₆)alkylsilane(C₁-C₆)alkyls, amido, aldehydo,carboxyl, (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, thio, (C₁-C₆)thioalkyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylthios, amino, aminos protected with a radical chosen from(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, carbamyl, and (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls; and NHR″and NR″R′″ groups in which R″ and R′″, which may be identical ordifferent, are chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyl radicals,(C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyl radicals and (C₂-C₆) polyhydroxyalkyl radicals;R₉ can be the point of attachment of a linker arm B, otherwise R₉ is aradical chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls, (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls, cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls,tri(C₁-C₆)alkylsilane(C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)alkoxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls,carbamyl-(C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls, benzyl, and asecond group Z which is identical to or different from the first groupZ; R₁₀, R₁₁ and R₁₂, which may be identical or different, can be thepoint of attachment of a linker arm B, otherwise they are radicalschosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆) monohydroxyalkyls,(C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls, (C₁-C₆)alkoxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls,cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls, aryls, benzyl, (C₁-C₆)amidoalkyls,tri(C₁-C₆)alkylsilane(C₁-C₆)alkyls, and (C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls in which theamine is protected with a radical chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,carbamyl, and (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls; two of the radicals R₁₀, R₁₁ andR₁₂ can together also form, with the nitrogen atom to which they areattached, a saturated 5- or 6-membered ring or a ring containing atleast one additional hetero atom, it being possible for the ring to beunsubstituted or to be substituted with a substituent chosen fromhalogen atoms, a hydroxyl group, (C₁-C₆)alkyls,(C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls, (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls, nitro, cyano,cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)alkoxys, tri(C₁-C₆)alkylsilane(C₁-C₆)alkyls,amido, aldehydo, carboxyl, keto(C₁-C₆)alkyls, thio, (C₁-C₆)thioalkyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylthios, amino, and aminos protected with a radical chosenfrom (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, carbamyl, and (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls; one ofthe radicals R₁₀, R₁₁ and R₁₂ can also be chosen from a second group Zwhich is identical to or different from the first group Z; R₁₃ can bethe point of attachment of a linker arm B, otherwise R₁₃ is a radicalchosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls;(C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls; aryls; benzyl; (C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls,(C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls in which the amine is protected with a radical chosenfrom (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, carbamyl, and (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls;carboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls; cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls; carbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)trifluoroalkyl tri(C₁-C₆)alkylsilane-(C₁-C₆)alkyl radical; aC₁-C₆ sulphonamidoalkyl radical; (C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphinyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylketo(C₁-C₆)alkyls; N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; andN—(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonamido(C₁-C₆)alkyls; x and y are chosen from theintegers 0 and 1; with the proviso that: in the unsaturated cationicgroups of formula (II): when x=0, the linker arm D is attached to thenitrogen atom, when x=1, the linker arm D is attached to one of the ringmembers E, G, J and L, y can take the value 1 only: 1) when the ringmembers E, G, J and L simultaneously represent a carbon atom and whenthe radical R₉ is borne by the nitrogen atom of the unsaturated ring; oralternatively 2) when at least one of the ring members E, G, J and Lrepresents a nitrogen atom to which the radical R₉ is attached; in theunsaturated cationic groups of formula (III): when x=0, the linker arm Dis attached to the nitrogen atom, when x=1, the linker arm D is attachedto one of the ring members E, G, J, L and M, y can take the value 1 onlywhen at least one of the ring members E, G, J, L and M is chosen fromdivalent atoms and when the radical R₉ is borne by the nitrogen atom ofthe unsaturated ring; in the cationic groups of formula (IV): when x=0,then the linker arm D is attached to the nitrogen atom bearing theradicals R₁₀ to R₁₂, when x=1, then two of the radicals R₁₀ to R₁₂ form,together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, a saturated5- or 6-membered ring as defined above, and the linker arm D is borne bya carbon atom of the saturated ring; X⁻ is chosen from monovalent anddivalent anions; it being understood that: the number of cationic groupsZ is at least equal to 1; when at least one of R₄, R₅, R′₄, R′₅, R₇, R₈,R′₇, and R′₈ is chosen from Z groups in which the linker arm D is chosenfrom alkyl chains comprising a ketone function, then the ketone functionis not directly attached to the nitrogen atom of the group —NR₄R₅,—NR′₄R′₅, —NR₇R₈ or —NR′₇R′₈; when at least one of R₄, R₅, R′₄, R′₅, R₇,R₈, R′₇, and R′₈ is the point of a attachment of a linker arm B chosenfrom alkyl chains comprising a ketone function, then the ketone functionis not directly attached to the nitrogen atom of the group —NR₄R₅,—NR′₄R′₅, —NR₇R₈ or —NR₇R′₈.
 11. The dye composition of claim 10,wherein said at least one ingredient is present in said dye compositionin an amount ranging from 0.0005 to 12% by weight relative to the totalweight of said dye composition.
 12. The dye composition of claim 11,wherein said at least one ingredient is present in said dye compositionin an amount ranging from 0.005 to 6% by weight relative to the totalweight of said dye composition.
 13. The dye composition of claim 10,further comprising at least one oxidation base chosen frompara-phenylenediamines, bis(phenyl)alkylenediamines, para-aminophenols,ortho-aminophenols, and heterocyclic bases other than said at least onecompound of formula (I).
 14. The dye composition of claim 13, whereinthe para-phenylenediamenes are chosen from para-phenylenediamine,para-tolylene-diamine, 2-chloro-para-phenylenediamine,2,3-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2,6-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine,2,6-diethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2,5-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine,N,N-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, N,N-diethyl-para-phenylenediamine,N,N-dipropyl-para-phenylenediamine, 4-amino-N,N-diethyl-3-methylaniline,N,N-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-para-phenylenediamine,4-N,N-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)amino-2-methylaniline,4-N,N-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)amino-2-chloroaniline,2-β-hydroxyethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2-fluoro-para-phenylenediamine,2-isopropyl-para-phenylenediamine,N-(β-hydroxypropyl)-para-phenylene-diamine,2-hydroxymethyl-para-phenylenediamine,N,N-dimethyl-3-methyl-para-phenylenediamine,N-ethyl-N-(β-hydroxyethyl)-para-phenylenediamine,N-(β,γ-dihydroxypropyl)-para-phenylenediamine,N-(4′-aminophenyl)-para-phenylenediamine,N-phenyl-para-phenylenediamine,2β-hydroxyethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine,2β-acetylaminoethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine andN-(β-methoxyethyl)-para-phenylenediamine, and the acid addition saltsthereof.
 15. The dye composition according to claim 13, wherein saidbis(phenyl)alkylenediamines are chosen fromN,N′-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-N,N′-bis(4′-aminophenyl)-1,3-diaminopropanol,N,N′-bis(β-hydroxy-ethyl)-N,N′-bis(4′-aminophenyl)ethylenediamine,N,N′-bis(4-aminophenyl)tetramethylenediamine,N,N′-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-N,N′-bis(4-aminophenyl)-tetramethylenediamine,N,N′-bis(4-methylaminophenyl)-tetramethylenediamine,N,N′-bis(ethyl)-N,N′-bis(4′-amino-3′-methylphenyl)ethylenediamine and1,8-bis(2,5-diaminophenoxy)-3,5-dioxaoctane, and the acid addition saltsthereof.
 16. The dye composition of claim 13, wherein thepara-aminophenols are chosen from para-aminophenol,4-amino-3-methylphenol, 4-amino-3-fluorophenol,4-amino-3-hydroxymethylphenol, 4-amino-2-methylphenol,4-amino-2-hydroxymethylphenol, 4-amino-2-methoxymethylphenol,4-amino-2-aminomethylphenol, 4-amino-2-(β-hydroxyethylaminomethyl)phenoland 4-amino-2-fluorophenol, and the acid addition salts thereof.
 17. Thedye composition of claim 13, wherein the ortho-aminophenols are chosenfrom 2-aminophenol, 2-amino-5-methylphenol, 2-amino-6-methylphenol and5-acetamid-2-aminophenol, and the acid addition salts thereof.
 18. Thedye composition of claim 13, wherein the heterocyclic bases other thansaid at least one compound of formula (I) are chosen from pyridinederivatives, pyrimidine derivatives and pyrazole derivatives.
 19. Thedye composition of claim 13, wherein said at least one oxidation base ispresent in said dye composition in an amount ranging from 0.0005 to 12%by weight relative to the total weight of the dye composition.
 20. Thedye composition of claim 19, wherein said at least one oxidation base ispresent in said dye composition in an amount ranging from 0.005 to 6% byweight relative to the total weight of the dye composition.
 21. The dyecomposition of claim 10, further comprising at least one coupler chosenfrom meta-phenylenediamines, meta-aminophenols, meta-diphenols, andheterocyclic couplers other than said at least one compound of formula(I).
 22. The dye composition of claim 21, wherein said at least onecoupler is chosen from 2-methyl-5-aminophenol,5-N-(β-hydroxyethyl)amino-2-methylphenol, 3-aminophenol,1,3-dihydroxybenzene, 1,3-dihydroxy-2-methylbenzene,4-chloro-1,3-dihydroxybenzene, 2,4-diamino-1-(β-hydroxyethyloxy)benzene,2-amino-4-(β-hydroxyethylamino)-1-methoxybenzene, 1,3-diaminobenzene,1,3-bis(2,4-diaminophenoxy)propane, sesamol, α-naphthol,6-hydroxyindole, 4-hydroxyindole, 4-hydroxy-N-methylindole,6-hydroxyindoline, 2,6-dihydroxy-4-methylpyridine,1H-3-methylpyrazol-5-one and 1-phenyl-3-methylpyrazol-5-one, and theacid addition salts thereof.
 23. The dye composition of claim 21,wherein said at least one coupler is present in said dye composition inan amount ranging from 0.0001 to 10% by weight approximately relative tothe total weight of the dye composition.
 24. The dye composition ofclaim 23, wherein said at least one coupler is present in said dyecomposition in an amount ranging from 0.005 to 5% by weightapproximately relative to the total weight of the dye composition. 25.The dye composition of claim 10, wherein said acid addition salts arechosen from hydrochlorides, hydrobromides, sulphates, citrates,succinates, tartrates, lactates, and acetates.
 26. A process for theoxidation dyeing of keratin fibres comprising applying at least one dyecomposition to said fibres for a period which is sufficient to develop adesired coloration, either in air or with an oxidizing agent, whereinsaid at least one dye composition comprises at least one ingredientchosen from compounds of formula (I), and the acid addition saltsthereof:

in which: B is a linker arm chosen from linear and branched alkylchains, which can be optionally interrupted with at least one groupchosen from Z groups and hetero atoms, and which can be optionallysubstituted with at least one substituent chosen from hydroxyls and(C₁-C₆) alkoxys, and which can optionally bear at least one ketonefunction; R₁, R₂, R₃, R′₁, R′₂ and R′₃, which may be identical ordifferent, can be the point of attachment of a linker arm B, otherwise,they are chosen from a hydrogen atom; halogens; Z groups;(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls; amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls;N—Z-amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls;amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N—Z-amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;carboxyl;(C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxyls; (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls; aminosulphonyls;N—Z-amino-sulphonyls; (C₁-C₆)N-alkylaminosulphonyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyls; (C₁-C₆)aminosulphonylalkyls;(C₁-C₆)N—Z-aminosulphonylalkyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; carbamyl;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls; N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls;carbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls;(C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkoxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)trifluoroalkyls; cyano; OR₆ and SR₆ groups; amino groupsprotected with a radical chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxyls, trifluoro(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, N—Z-amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,N—(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, (C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxyls,carbamyl, N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls, N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls, aminosulphonyls, N—Z-aminosulphonyls,(C₁-C₆)N-alkylaminosulphonyl, N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyls,thiocarbamyl, formyl, and Z groups in which the linker arm B comprises aketone function directly attached to the nitrogen atom of the aminogroup; R₆ can be the point of attachment of a linker arm B, otherwise R₆is a radical chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls;(C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls; Z groups; (C₁-C₆)alkoxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls; aryls;benzyl; carboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls;cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls; carbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁₋₉₆)alkyls; N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)trifluoroalkyls; (C₁-C₆)aminosulphonylalkyls;(C₁-C₆)N—Z-aminosulphonylalkyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylamino-sulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphinyl-(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyl-(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl-(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls; (C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls in which the amine is substitutedwith one or two identical or different radicals chosen from(C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls, (C₂-C₆) polyhydroxyalkyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, formyl, trifluoro-(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxyls, carbamyl, N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls,N,N-di-(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls, thiocarbamyl, (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls, andZ groups; R₄, R₅, R₇, R₈, R′₄, R′₅, R′₇ and R′₈, which may be identicalor different, can be the point of attachment of a linker arm B,otherwise they are chosen from a hydrogen atom; Z groups;(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls; (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkoxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls; aryls; benzyl; cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls;carbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; thiocarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)trifluoroalkyls;(C₁-C₆)sulphoalkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphinyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)aminosulphonylalkyls; (C₁-C₆)N—Z-aminosulphonylalkyls; N—(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls; (C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls in which the amine is substituted with one or two identicalor different radicals chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls, (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls, (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,carbamyl, N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls, N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls, formyls, trifluoro(C₁-C₆)-alkylcarbonyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxyls, thiocarbamyl, and Z groups; Z is chosen fromunsaturated cationic groups of formulae (II) and (III) below, andsaturated cationic groups of formula (IV) below:

 in which: D is a linker arm chosen from linear and branched alkylchains, which are optionally interrupted by at least one hetero atom,and which can optionally be substituted with at least one radical chosenfrom hydroxyls and (C₁-C₆)alkoxys, and which also can optionally bear atleast one ketone function; the ring members E, G, J, L and M, which maybe identical or different, are chosen from carbon, oxygen, sulphur andnitrogen atoms; n is chosen from the integers 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4; m ischosen from the integers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5; the radicals R, which maybe identical or different, can be the point of attachment of a linkerarm B, otherwise they are chosen from a second group Z which isidentical to or different from the first group Z, halogen atoms, ahydroxyl group, (C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls,(C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls, nitro, cyano, cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls,(C₁-C₆)alkoxyls, tri(C₁-C₆)alkylsilane(C₁-C₆)alkyls, amidos, aldehydo,carboxyl, (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, thio, (C₁-C₆)thioalkyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylthios, amino, aminos protected with a radical chosen from(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, carbamyl, and (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls; and NHR″and NR′R′″ groups in which R″ and R′″, which may be identical ordifferent, are chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyl radicals,(C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyl radicals and (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyl radicals;can be the point of attachment of a linker arm B, otherwise R₉ is aradical chosen from (C₁-C₆) alkyls, (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls,(C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls, cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls,tri(C₁-C₆)alkylsilane(C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)alkoxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls,carbamyl-(C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxy(C₁-C₆)-alkyls, benzyl, and asecond group Z which is identical to or different from the first groupZ; R₁₀, R₁₁, and R₁₂, which may be identical or different, can be thepoint of attachment of a linker arm B, otherwise they are radicalschosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆) monohydroxyalkyls,(C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls, (C₁-C₆)alkoxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls,cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls, aryls, benzyl, (C₁-C₆)amidoalkyls,tri(C₁-C₆)alkylsilane(C₁-C₆)alkyls, and (C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls in which theamine is protected with a radical chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,carbamyl, and (C₁-C₆) alkylsulphonyls; two of the radicals R₁₀, R₁₁ andR₁₂ can together also form, with the nitrogen atom to which they areattached, a saturated 5- or 6-membered ring or a ring containing atleast one additional hetero atom, it being possible for the ring to beunsubstituted or to be substituted with a substituent chosen fromhalogen atoms, a hydroxyl group, (C₁-C₆)alkyls,(C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls, (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls, nitro, cyano,cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)alkoxys, tri(C₁-C₆)alkylsilane(C₁-C₆)alkyls,amido, aldehydo, carboxyl, keto(C₁-C₆)alkyls, thio, (C₁-C₆)thioalkyls,(C₁-C₆) alkylthios, amino, and aminos protected with a radical chosenfrom (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, carbamyl, and (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls; one ofthe radicals R₁₀, R₁₁ and R₁₂ can also be chosen from a second group Zwhich is identical to or different from the first group Z; R₁₃ can bethe point of attachment of a linker arm B, otherwise R₁₃ is a radicalchosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)monohydroxy-alkyls;(C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls; aryls; benzyl; (C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls,(C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls in which the amine is protected with a radical chosenfrom (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, carbamyl, and (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls;carboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls; cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls; carbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)trifluoroalkyls; tri(C₁-C₆)alkylsilane-(C₁-C₆)alkyl radical; aC₁-C₆ sulphonamidoalkyl radical; a (C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphinyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylketo(C₁-C₆)alkyls; N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonamido(C₁-C₆)alkyls; x and y are chosen from theintegers 0 and 1; with the proviso that: in the unsaturated cationicgroups of formula (II): when x=0, the linker arm D is attached to thenitrogen atom, when x=1, the linker arm D is attached to one of the ringmembers E, G, J or L, y can take the value 1 only: 1) when the ringmembers E, G, J and L simultaneously represent a carbon atom and whenthe radical R₉ is borne by the nitrogen atom of the unsaturated ring; oralternatively 2) when at least one of the ring members E, G, J and Lrepresents a nitrogen atom to which the radical R₉ is attached; in theunsaturated cationic groups of formula (III): when x=0, the linker arm Dis attached to the nitrogen atom, when x=1, the linker arm D is attachedto one of the ring members E, G, J, L or M, y can take the value 1 onlywhen at least one of the ring members E, G, J, L and M is chosen fromdivalent atoms and when the radical R₉ is borne by the nitrogen atom ofthe unsaturated ring; in the cationic groups of formula (IV): when x=0,then the linker arm D is attached to the nitrogen atom bearing theradicals R₁₀ to R₁₂, when x=1, then two of the radicals R₁₀ to R₁₂ form,together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, a saturated5- or 6-membered ring as defined above, and the linker arm D is borne bya carbon atom of the saturated ring; X⁻ is chosen from monovalent anddivalent anions; it being understood that: the number of cationic groupsZ is at least equal to 1; when at least one of R₄, R₅, R′₄, R′₅, R₇, R₈,R′₇, and R′₈ is chosen from Z groups which the linker arm D is chosenfrom alkyl chains comprising a ketone function, then the ketone functionis not directly attached to the nitrogen atom of the group —NR₄R₅,—NR′₄R′₅, —NR₇R₈ or —NR′₇R′₈; when at least one of R₄, R₅, R′₄, R′₅, R₇,R₈, R′₇, and R′₈ is the point of a attachment of a linker arm B chosenfrom alkyl chains comprising a ketone function, then the ketone functionis not directly attached to the nitrogen atom of the group —NR₄R₅,—NR′₄R′₅, —NR₇R₈ or —NR′₇R′₈.
 27. The process of claim 26, wherein saidapplying step is carried out by contact with air without addition of anoxidizing agent.
 28. The process according to claim 27, wherein thecoloration is developed at acidic, neutral or alkaline pH with anoxidizing agent which is added to the dye composition at a time justprior to applying said dye composition to said fibres, or which ispresent in an oxidizing composition which is applied to said keratinfibres simultaneously with said dye composition or sequentially in aseparate manner from said dye composition.
 29. The process according toclaim 28, wherein said oxidizing agent is chosen from hydrogen peroxide,urea peroxide, alkali metal bromates, persalts, and enzymes.
 30. Theprocess according to claim 29, wherein the persalts are chosen fromperborates and persulphates, and the enzymes are chosen from peroxidasesand 2-electron oxidoreductases.
 31. A multi-compartment dyeing device ormulti-compartment dyeing kit, comprising, a first compartment containingat least one dye composition, and a second compartment containing atleast one oxidizing composition, wherein said at least one dyecomposition comprises at least one ingredient chosen from compounds offormula (I), below, and acid addition salts thereof:

in which: B is a linker arm chosen from linear arid branched alkylchains, which can be optionally interrupted with at least one groupchosen from Z groups and hetero atoms, and which can be optionallysubstituted with at least one substituent chosen from hydroxyls and(C₁-C₆)alkoxys, and which can optionally bear at least one ketonefunction; R₁, R₂, R₃, R′₁, R′₂ and R′₃, which may be identical ordifferent, can be the point of attachment of a linker arm B, otherwise,they are chosen from a hydrogen atom; halogens; Z groups;(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls; amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls;N—Z-amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls;amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N—Z-amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; carboxyl;C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxyls; (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls; aminosulphonyls;N—Z-aminosulphonyls; (C₁-C₆)N-alkylaminosulphonyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyls; (C₁-C₆)aminosulphonylalkyls;(C₁-C₆)N—Z-aminosulphonylalkyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; carbamyl;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls; N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls;carbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls;(C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkoxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)trifluoroalkyls; cyano; OR₆ and SR₆ groups; amino groupsprotected with a radical chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxyls, trifluoro(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, N—Z-amino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,N—(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylamino(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, (C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxyls,carbamyl, N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls, N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls, aminosulphonyls, N—Z-aminosulphonyls,(C₁-C₆)N-alkylaminosulphonyl, N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyls,thiocarbamyl, formyl, and Z groups in which the linker arm B comprises aketone function directly attached to the nitrogen atom of the aminogroup; R₆ can be the point of attachment of a linker arm B, otherwise R₆is a radical chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls;(C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls; Z groups; (C₁-C₆)alkoxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls; aryls;benzyl; carboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls;cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls; carbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)trifluoroalkyls;(C₁-C₆)aminosulphonylalkyls; (C₁-C₆)N—Z-aminosulphonylalkyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphinyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyl-(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls; (C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls in which the amine is substitutedwith one or two identical or different radicals chosen from(C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls, (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, formyl, trifluoro-(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxyls, carbamyl, N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls,N,N-di-(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls, thiocarbamyl, (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls, andZ groups; R₄, R₅, R₇, R₈, R′₄, R′₅, R′₇ and R′₈, which may be identicalor different, can be the point of attachment of a linker arm B,otherwise they are chosen from a hydrogen atom; Z groups; (C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls; (C₂-C₆) polyhydroxyalkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkoxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls; aryls; benzyl; cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls;carbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; thiocarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)trifluoroalkyls;(C₁-C₆)sulphoalkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphinyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)aminosulphonylalkyls;(C₁-C₆)N—Z-aminosulphonylalkyls;N—(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylaminosulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls;(C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls in which the amine is substituted with one or twoidentical or different radicals chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls, (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls, (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,carbamyl, N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls, N,N-di(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls, formyls, trifluoro(C₁-C₆)-alkylcarbonyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxyls, thiocarbamyl, and Z groups; Z is chosen fromunsaturated cationic groups of formulae (II) and (III) below, andsaturated cationic groups of formula (IV) below:

 in which: D is a linker arm chosen from linear and branched alkylchains, which are optionally interrupted by at least one hetero atom,and which can optionally be substituted with at least one radical chosenfrom hydroxyls and (C₁-C₆)alkoxys, and which also can optionally bear atleast one ketone function; the ring members E, G, J, L and M, which maybe identical or different, are chosen from carbon, oxygen, sulphur andnitrogen atoms; n is chosen from the integers 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4; m ischosen from the integers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5; the radicals R, which maybe identical or different, can be the point of attachment of a linkerarm B, otherwise they are chosen from a second group Z which isidentical to or different from the first group Z, halogen atoms, ahydroxyl group, (C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls,(C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls, nitro, cyano, cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls,(C₁-C₆)alkoxyls, tri(C₁-C₆)alkylsilane(C₁-C₆)alkyls, amido, aldehydo,carboxyl, (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, thio, (C₁-C₆)thioalkyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylthios, amino, aminos protected with a radical chosen from(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, carbamyl, and (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls; and NHR″and NR″R′″ groups in which R″ and R′″, which may be identical ordifferent, are chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyl radicals,(C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyl radicals and (C₂-C₆) polyhydroxyalkyl radicals;R₉ can be the point of attachment of a linker arm B, otherwise R₉ is aradical chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls, (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls, cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls,tri(C₁-C₆)alkylsilane(C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)alkoxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls,carbamyl-(C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls, benzyl, and asecond group Z which is identical to or different from the first groupZ; R₁₀, R₁₁ and R₁₂, which may be identical or different, can be thepoint of attachment of a linker arm B, otherwise they are radicalschosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆) monohydroxyalkyls,(C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls, (C₁-C₆)alkoxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls,cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls, aryls, benzyl, (C₁-C₆)amidoalkyls,tri(C₁-C₆)alkylsilane(C₁-C₆)alkyls, and (C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls in which theamine is protected with a radical chosen from (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls,carbamyl, and (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls; two of the radicals R₁₀, R₁₁ andR₁₂ can together also form, with the nitrogen atom to which they areattached, a saturated 5- or 6-membered ring or a ring containing atleast one additional hetero atom, it being possible for the ring to beunsubstituted or to be substituted with a substituent chosen fromhalogen atoms, a hydroxyl group, (C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls, (C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls, nitro, cyano,cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls, (C₁-C₆) alkoxys, tri(C₁-C₆)alkylsilane(C₁-C₆)alkyls,amido, aldehydo, carboxyl, keto(C₁-C₆)alkyls, thio, (C₁-C₆)thioalkyls,(C₁-C₆)alkylthios, amino, and aminos protected with a radical chosenfrom (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, carbamyl, and (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls; one ofthe radicals R₁₀, R₁₁ and R₁₂ can also be chosen from a second group Zwhich is identical to or different from the first group Z; R₁₃ can bethe point of attachment of a linker arm B, otherwise R₁₃ is a radicalchosen from (C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)monohydroxyalkyls;(C₂-C₆)polyhydroxyalkyls; aryls; benzyl; (C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls,(C₁-C₆)aminoalkyls in which the amine is protected with a radical chosenfrom (C₁-C₆)alkylcarbonyls, carbamyl, and (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyls;carboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls; cyano(C₁-C₆)alkyls; carbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)trifluoroalkyls; tri(C₁-C₆)alkylsilane-(C₁-C₆)alkyl radical; aC₁-C₆ sulphonamidoalkyl radical; (C₁-C₆)alkylcarboxy(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphinyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; (C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls;(C₁-C₆)alkylketo(C₁-C₆)alkyls; N—(C₁-C₆)alkylcarbamyl(C₁-C₆)alkyls; andN—(C₁-C₆)alkylsulphonamido(C₁-C₆)alkyls; x and y are chosen from theintegers 0 and 1; with the proviso that: in the unsaturated cationicgroups of formula (II): when x=0, the linker arm D is attached to thenitrogen atom, when x=1, the linker arm D is attached to one of the ringmembers E, G, J and L, y can take the value 1 only: 1) when the ringmembers E, G, J and L simultaneously represent a carbon atom and whenthe radical R₉ is borne by the nitrogen atom of the unsaturated ring; oralternatively 2) when at least one of the ring members E, G, J and Lrepresents a nitrogen atom to which the radical R₉ is attached; in theunsaturated cationic groups of formula (III): when x=0, the linker arm Dis attached to the nitrogen atom, when x=1, the linker arm D is attachedto one of the ring members E, G, J, L and M, y can take the value 1 onlywhen at least one of the ring members E, G, J, L and M is chosen fromdivalent atoms and when the radical R₉ is borne by the nitrogen atom ofthe unsaturated ring; in the cationic groups of formula (IV): when x=0,then the linker arm D is attached to the nitrogen atom bearing theradicals R₁₀ to R₁₂, when x=1, then two of the radicals R₁₀ to R₁₂ form,together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, a saturated5- or 6-membered ring as defined above, and the linker arm D is borne bya carbon atom of the saturated ring; X⁻ is chosen from monovalent anddivalent anions; it being understood that: the number of cationic groupsZ is at least equal to 1; when at least one of R₄, R₅, R′₄, R′₅, R₇, R₈,R′₇, and R′₈ is chosen from Z groups in which the linker arm D is chosenfrom alkyl chains comprising a ketone function, then the ketone functionis not directly attached to the nitrogen atom of the group —NR₄R₅,—NR′₄R′₅, —NR₇R₈ or —NR′₇R′₈; when at least one of R₄, R₅, R′₄, R′₅, R₇,R₈, R′₇, and R′₈ is the point of a attachment of a linker arm B chosenfrom alkyl chains comprising a ketone function, then the ketone functionis not directly attached to the nitrogen atom of the group —NR₄R₅,—NR′₄R′₅, —NR₇R₈ or —NR′₇R′₈.